Unbounded Frame Count in video/jpeg Base64 Data URL Processing Leads to OOM DoS in vllm-project/vllm (vllm-project vllm-project/vllm)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.54 % · percentile 45 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- @huntr_ai
- NVD status
- Modified
Description
vLLM versions 0.8.0 and later are vulnerable to an Out-of-Memory (OOM) Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to unbounded frame count processing in the `VideoMediaIO.load_base64()` method. When processing `video/jpeg` data URLs, the method splits the base64 data string on commas to extract individual JPEG frames without enforcing a frame count limit. An attacker can exploit this by crafting a single API request containing thousands of comma-separated base64-encoded JPEG frames in a data URL, causing the server to decode all frames into memory and crash due to excessive memory consumption. This vulnerability is reachable via the OpenAI-compatible chat completions API and does not require authentication.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-400 — Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
- CWE-770 — Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
References
- https://huntr.com/bounties/7bd92629-b396-4449-8f88-6c0092530eb4
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/58ee61422169ce17e08248f8efa1e9df434fe395
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-5497
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487813
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-5497.json
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.0 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | @huntr_ai |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | redhat-SADP |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | NVD · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.0 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | NVD · security@huntr.dev (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-wcwg-c5fc-9vrc — vLLM is vulnerable to an Out-of-Memory (OOM) Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to unbounded frame count processing in the `VideoMediaIO.load_base64()` method
- PYSEC-2026-2302 — vLLM versions 0.8.0 and later are vulnerable to an Out-of-Memory (OOM) Denial of Service (DoS) attack due to unbounded frame count processing in the `VideoMedia
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-36217
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-5497
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 0.8.0 < 0.19.0
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| vllm-project · vllm-project/vllm | affected unspecified < 0.19.0 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |