CVE-2026-47391
PraisonAI's unauthenticated A2A official example can reach real LLM-driven `eval()` tool execution
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 1.50 % · percentile 74 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Deferred
Description
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.40, PraisonAI's first-party A2A server example exposes an unauthenticated A2A JSON-RPC endpoint and registers a `calculate(expression)` tool implemented with Python `eval()`. The example also binds to `0.0.0.0`. A remote unauthenticated attacker can send `message/send` to `/a2a`; the request reaches `agent.chat()`, and a real LLM can invoke the registered `calculate` tool. In testing with `gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite`, this resulted in arbitrary Python execution in the server process, confirmed by creation of a marker file from an unauthenticated HTTP request. The issue affects deployments following the official A2A example or similar unauthenticated public A2A deployments with unsafe tools. The default unauthenticated A2A surface also exposes task history and task cancellation APIs, increasing confidentiality and integrity impact. Version 4.6.40 patches the issue.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-95 — Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code
- CWE-306 — Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-vg22-4gmj-prxw — PraisonAI's unauthenticated A2A official example can reach real LLM-driven `eval()` tool execution
- PYSEC-2026-478 — PraisonAI's unauthenticated A2A official example can reach real LLM-driven `eval()` tool execution
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-46281
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-47391
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| MervinPraison · PraisonAI | affected < 4.6.40 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |