Cross-zone wildcard cache poisoning via RRSIG.labels manipulation (NLnet Labs Unbound)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.15 % · percentile 4 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- NLnet Labs
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.7.0 up to and including 1.25.1, insufficient validation of the RRSIG.Labels field combined with premature cache writes during RFC 8198 aggressive NSEC processing leads to cache poisoning that permits a malicious actor controlling a single delegated zone to poison arbitrary sibling zones under NSEC-signed parent domains. A malicious actor with one registered domain under an NSEC-signed TLD can serve malicious insecure DNS responses for unrelated sibling domains (sharing the same parent zone). Arbitrary delegations that do not exist under the parent domain and are covered by the parent's NSEC chain can be brought into insecure existence by fraudulent wildcard DS records (less labels than expected, unknown algorithm) from the malicious sibling domain. This allows the malicious actor to inject insecure wildcard records for those delegations.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-345 — Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N | NLnet Labs |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N | NVD · sep@nlnetlabs.nl (Secondary) |
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-47669
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-44690
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1256 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:nlnetlabs:unbound:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 1.7.0 < 1.25.2
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| NLnet Labs · Unbound | affected 1.7.0 < 1.25.2 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |