CVE-2026-23401
KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.18 % · percentile 8 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- Linux
- NVD status
- Modified
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE When installing an emulated MMIO SPTE, do so *after* dropping/zapping the existing SPTE (if it's shadow-present). While commit a54aa15c6bda3 was right about it being impossible to convert a shadow-present SPTE to an MMIO SPTE due to a _guest_ write, it failed to account for writes to guest memory that are outside the scope of KVM. E.g. if host userspace modifies a shadowed gPTE to switch from a memslot to emulted MMIO and then the guest hits a relevant page fault, KVM will install the MMIO SPTE without first zapping the shadow-present SPTE. ------------[ cut here ]------------ is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:484 at mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/4292 Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 4292 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 RIP: 0010:mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm] Call Trace: <TASK> mmu_set_spte+0x237/0x440 [kvm] ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm] kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm] vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel] kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm] kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53 RIP: 0033:0x47fa3f </TASK> ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-416 — Use After Free
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20656cd1f243d3a154aac5dd1b823110b6906fe1
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed5909992f344a7d3f4024261e9f751d9618a27d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aad885e774966e97b675dfe928da164214a71605
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-23401
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2453803
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-23401.json
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:15883
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19569
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13936
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20593
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13932
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14339
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19568
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13577
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36530
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14230
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19521
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36531
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36532
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36533
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36534
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13578
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14137
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19875
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.1 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | redhat-SADP |
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM 5.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.1 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c (Secondary) |
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-17828
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-23401
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1229 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1093 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1066 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0985 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0954 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0926 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0697 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0667 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0640 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Red Hat · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0604 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Red Hat · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0549 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Red Hat · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0548 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Debian · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0547 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Debian LTS · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 5.13.1 < 5.15.203cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 5.16 < 6.1.168cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.2 < 6.6.131cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.7 < 6.12.80cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.13 < 6.18.21cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.19 < 6.19.11cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.13:-:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| Linux · Linux | affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < 20656cd1f243d3a154aac5dd1b823110b6906fe1 ; affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < ed5909992f344a7d3f4024261e9f751d9618a27d ; affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < fd28c5618699180cd69619801e9ae6a5266c0a22 ; affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < 459158151a158a6703b49f3c9de0e536d8bd553f ; affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < 695320de6eadb75aaed8be1787c4ce4c189e4c7b ; affected a54aa15c6bda3ca7e2f9e040ba968a1da303e24f < bce7fe59d43531623f3e43779127bfb33804925d |
| Linux · Linux | affected 5.13 ; unaffected 0 < 5.13 ; unaffected 5.15.203 ≤ 5.15.* ; unaffected 6.1.168 ≤ 6.1.* ; unaffected 6.6.131 ≤ 6.6.* ; unaffected 6.12.80 ≤ 6.12.* |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |