JWT algorithm confusion in Hono JWK Auth Middleware when JWK lacks "alg" (untrusted header.alg fallback) (honojs hono)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.14 % · percentile 3 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the algorithm specified in the JWT header to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly define an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. The JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware has been updated to require an explicit allowlist of asymmetric algorithms when verifying tokens. The middleware no longer derives the verification algorithm from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-347 — Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.2 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.2 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM 6.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-3vhc-576x-3qv4 — Hono JWK Auth Middleware has JWT algorithm confusion when JWK lacks "alg" (untrusted header.alg fallback)
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-2017
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-22818
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:hono:hono:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*< 4.11.4
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| honojs · hono | affected < 4.11.4 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |