Out-of-Bounds Write in Google Brotli Decoder (Google Brotli)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 82.64 % · percentile 100 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- NVD status
- Undergoing Analysis
Description
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the Brotli decoder (c/dec/decode.c) in Google Brotli versions 1.0.3 through 1.2.0 on all platforms allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to corrupt adjacent decoder state memory, disclose sensitive memory contents, cause a denial of service, or potentially execute arbitrary code using a crafted Brotli-compressed stream. Users need to update any Brotli libraries or binaries between 1.0.3 through 1.2.0 to the latest available version: 1.0.10 or 1.1.1 or 1.2.1.
Weaknesses (CWE)
References
- https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/october-2026-security-releases#nodejs-brotli-decoder-out-of-bounds-write-permits-remote-code-execution-cve-2026-111497---high
- https://github.com/andybalholm/brotli/releases/tag/v1.2.7
- https://ellio.tech/en/blog/node2shell-cve-2026-111497-rce-on-stock-nodejs-builds/
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-111497
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9v8h-qqgm-4m35
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/23/25
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/10/msg00049.html
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/24/6
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/12
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/13
- https://www.aikido.dev/blog/node2shell-nodejs-brotli-rce-cve-2026-111497
- https://broccoli2shell.com
- https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/494
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.2.1
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.1.1
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.0.10
- https://patchtheplanet.org/brotli
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/16
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-898633.html
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-443410.html
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-045512.html
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL 9.2 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N | |
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL 9.2 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X | NVD · cve-coordination@google.com (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-9v8h-qqgm-4m35 — Brotli: Out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
- PYSEC-2026-4322 — Out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
- PYSEC-2026-4323 — Out-of-bounds write in the brotlicffi decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-108169
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-111497
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1429 — Vulnérabilité dans Stormshield Management Center · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1396 — Vulnérabilité dans les produits Palo Alto Networks · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1383 — Vulnérabilité dans les produits Microsoft · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1382 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft .Net · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:google:brotli:*:*:*:*:*:-:*:*≥ 1.0.3 < 1.0.10cpe:2.3:a:google:brotli:*:*:*:*:*:-:*:*≥ 1.1.0 < 1.1.1cpe:2.3:a:google:brotli:*:*:*:*:*:-:*:*≥ 1.2.0 < 1.2.1cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*< 22.23.4cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*≥ 23.0.0 < 24.22.1cpe:2.3:a:nodejs:node.js:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*≥ 25.0.0 < 26.12.1cpe:2.3:a:python-hyper:brotlicffi:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:*< 1.2.1.0cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 8.0.0 < 8.0.33cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 9.0.0 < 9.0.22cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 10.0.0 < 10.0.14cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview5:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview6:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:preview7:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:.net:11.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:istio:istio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 1.29.9cpe:2.3:a:istio:istio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 1.30.0 < 1.30.6cpe:2.3:a:istio:istio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 1.31.0 < 1.31.2cpe:2.3:a:anthropic:bun:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 1.4.4cpe:2.3:a:envoyproxy:envoy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 1.37.8cpe:2.3:a:envoyproxy:envoy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 1.38.0 < 1.38.6cpe:2.3:a:envoyproxy:envoy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 1.39.0 < 1.39.3cpe:2.3:a:tianocore:edk2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 202608cpe:2.3:a:google:woff2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:duckdb:duckdb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 2.0.0cpe:2.3:a:clickhouse:clickhouse:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 26.10.2.103cpe:2.3:a:apache:arrow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 26.0.0cpe:2.3:a:apache:arrow:27.0.0:dev:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:mcmilk:7-zip-zstd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 26.02-1.5.7-r2cpe:2.3:a:7-zip:p7zip:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≤ 16.02cpe:2.3:a:andybalholm:brotli:*:*:*:*:*:go:*:*< 1.2.7
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| Google · Brotli | affected 1.0.3 < 1.0.10 ; affected 1.1.0 < 1.1.1 ; affected 1.2.0 < 1.2.1 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities | CC0 1.0 |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |