Http4s vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling due to improper handling of HTTP trailer section (http4s http4s)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.37 % · percentile 31 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
Http4s is a Scala interface for HTTP services. In versions from 1.0.0-M1 to before 1.0.0-M45 and before 0.23.31, http4s is vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling due to improper handling of HTTP trailer section. This vulnerability could enable attackers to bypass front-end servers security controls, launch targeted attacks against active users, and poison web caches. A pre-requisite for exploitation involves the web application being deployed behind a reverse-proxy that forwards trailer headers. This issue has been patched in versions 1.0.0-M45 and 0.23.31.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-444 — Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM 6.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM 6.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-wcwh-7gfw-5wrr — Http4s vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling due to improper handling of HTTP trailer section
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-30898
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-59822
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-1051 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 0.23.31cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone11:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone12:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone13:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone14:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone15:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone16:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone17:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone18:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone19:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone20:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone21:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone22:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone23:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone24:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone25:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone26:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone27:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone28:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone29:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone30:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone31:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone32:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone33:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone34:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone35:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone36:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone37:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone38:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone39:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone40:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone41:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone42:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone43:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:a:typelevel:http4s:1.0.0:milestone44:*:*:*:*:*:*- +5 more
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| http4s · http4s | affected < 0.23.31 ; affected >= 1.0.0-M1, < 1.0.0-M45 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |