CVE-2025-49005
Next.js cache poisoning due to omission of Vary header
LOW 3.7
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.49 % · percentile 42 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In Next.js App Router from 15.3.0 to before 15.3.3 and Vercel CLI from 41.4.1 to 42.2.0, a cache poisoning vulnerability was found. The issue allowed page requests for HTML content to return a React Server Component (RSC) payload instead under certain conditions. When deployed to Vercel, this would only impact the browser cache, and would not lead to the CDN being poisoned. When self-hosted and deployed externally, this could lead to cache poisoning if the CDN does not properly distinguish between RSC / HTML in the cache keys. This issue has been resolved in Next.js 15.3.3.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-444 — Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | LOW 3.7 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 3.1 | LOW 3.7 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-r2fc-ccr8-96c4 — Next.js has a Cache poisoning vulnerability due to omission of the Vary header
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-19911
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-49005
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0896 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*≥ 15.3.0 < 15.3.3cpe:2.3:a:vercel:vercel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 41.4.1 < 42.2.0
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| vercel · next.js | affected >= 15.3.0, < 15.3.3 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |