iommu/amd/pgtbl: Fix possible race while increase page table level (Linux Linux)

CVE-2025-39961
HIGH 8.8

At a glance

Source
NVD
EPSS
EPSS 0.12 % · percentile 2 ()
State
PUBLISHED
Published
Updated
Assigner
Linux
NVD status
Modified

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd/pgtbl: Fix possible race while increase page table level The AMD IOMMU host page table implementation supports dynamic page table levels (up to 6 levels), starting with a 3-level configuration that expands based on IOVA address. The kernel maintains a root pointer and current page table level to enable proper page table walks in alloc_pte()/fetch_pte() operations. The IOMMU IOVA allocator initially starts with 32-bit address and onces its exhuasted it switches to 64-bit address (max address is determined based on IOMMU and device DMA capability). To support larger IOVA, AMD IOMMU driver increases page table level. But in unmap path (iommu_v1_unmap_pages()), fetch_pte() reads pgtable->[root/mode] without lock. So its possible that in exteme corner case, when increase_address_space() is updating pgtable->[root/mode], fetch_pte() reads wrong page table level (pgtable->mode). It does compare the value with level encoded in page table and returns NULL. This will result is iommu_unmap ops to fail and upper layer may retry/log WARN_ON. CPU 0 CPU 1 ------ ------ map pages unmap pages alloc_pte() -> increase_address_space() iommu_v1_unmap_pages() -> fetch_pte() pgtable->root = pte (new root value) READ pgtable->[mode/root] Reads new root, old mode Updates mode (pgtable->mode += 1) Since Page table level updates are infrequent and already synchronized with a spinlock, implement seqcount to enable lock-free read operations on the read path.

Weaknesses (CWE)

  • CWE-362 — Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization

References

Scores

VersionScoreVectorScored by
CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HLinux
CVSS 3.1HIGH 8.8CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HNVD · 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 (Secondary)
CVSS 3.1MEDIUM 4.7CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:HNVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary)

European references

CERT-FR advisories

Affected configurations (NVD CPE)

Affected products

ProductVersions
Linux · Linuxaffected 754265bcab78a9014f0f99cd35e0d610fcd7dfa7 < 075abf0b1a958acfbea2435003d228e738e90346 ; affected 754265bcab78a9014f0f99cd35e0d610fcd7dfa7 < cd92c8ab336c3a633d46e6f35ebcd3509ae7db3b ; affected 754265bcab78a9014f0f99cd35e0d610fcd7dfa7 < 7d462bdecb7d9c32934dab44aaeb7ea7d73a27a2 ; affected 754265bcab78a9014f0f99cd35e0d610fcd7dfa7 < 1e56310b40fd2e7e0b9493da9ff488af145bdd0c ; affected 6fb92f18555a7b8e085267d513612dc0ff9a5360 ; affected b15bf74405faa1a65025eb8a6eb337e140e5250a
Linux · Linuxaffected 5.3 ; unaffected 0 < 5.3 ; unaffected 6.6.108 ≤ 6.6.* ; unaffected 6.12.49 ≤ 6.12.* ; unaffected 6.16.9 ≤ 6.16.* ; unaffected 6.17 ≤ *

Sources

SourceLicence
CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5)CVE Program Terms of Use
EPSS (FIRST.org)FIRST — attribution requested
ENISA EUVDENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged
CERT-FR (ANSSI)Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0
NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feedsPublic domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD