hibernate-validator insecure default Expression Language interpolation (Hibernate Hibernate Validator)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.75 % · percentile 55 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- cisa-cg
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
Hibernate Validator before 6.2.0 and 7.0.0, by default and depending how it is used, may interpolate user-supplied input in a constraint violation message with Expression Language. This could allow an attacker to access sensitive information or execute arbitrary Java code. Hibernate Validator as of 6.2.0 and 7.0.0 no longer interpolates custom constraint violation messages with Expression Language and strongly recommends not allowing user-supplied input in constraint violation messages. CVE-2020-5245 and CVE-2025-4428 are examples of related, downstream vulnerabilities involving Expression Language intepolation of user-supplied data.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-94 — Improper Control of Generation of Code
References
- https://hibernate.org/validator/documentation/migration-guide/#6-2-0-cr1
- https://in.relation.to/2021/01/06/hibernate-validator-700-62-final-released/#expression-language
- https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/stable/validator/reference/en-US/html_single/#section-hibernateconstraintvalidatorcontext
- https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HV-1816
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/compare/6.1.7.Final...6.2.0.Final
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/commit/05f795bb7cf18856004f40e5042709e550ed0d6e
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/commit/254858d9dcc4e7cd775d1b0f47f482218077c5e1
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/commit/e076293b0ee1bfa97b6e67d05ad9eee1ad77e893
- https://labs.watchtowr.com/expression-payloads-meet-mayhem-cve-2025-4427-and-cve-2025-4428/
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/commit/d2db40b9e7d22c7a0b44d7665242dfc7b4d14d78
- https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-validator/pull/1138
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4428
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-5245
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L | cisa-cg |
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM 6.9 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N | cisa-cg |
| CVSS 4.0 | MEDIUM 6.9 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X | NVD · 9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725 (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L | NVD · 9119a7d8-5eab-497f-8521-727c672e3725 (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-7v6m-28jr-rg84 — Hibernate Validator may interpolate user-supplied input in a constraint violation message with Expression Language
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-16774
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-35036
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-0473 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Oracle Weblogic · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:redhat:hibernate_validator:*:-:*:*:*:*:*:*< 6.2.0
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| Hibernate · Hibernate Validator | affected 0 < 6.2.0 ; affected 0 < 7.0.0 ; unaffected 6.2.0 ; unaffected 7.0.0 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |