CVE-2024-40910
ax25: Fix refcount imbalance on inbound connections
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.45 % · percentile 39 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- Linux
- NVD status
- Modified
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ax25: Fix refcount imbalance on inbound connections When releasing a socket in ax25_release(), we call netdev_put() to decrease the refcount on the associated ax.25 device. However, the execution path for accepting an incoming connection never calls netdev_hold(). This imbalance leads to refcount errors, and ultimately to kernel crashes. A typical call trace for the above situation will start with one of the following errors: refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory. refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. And will then have a trace like: Call Trace: <TASK> ? show_regs+0x64/0x70 ? __warn+0x83/0x120 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x100 ? report_bug+0x158/0x190 ? prb_read_valid+0x20/0x30 ? handle_bug+0x3e/0x70 ? exc_invalid_op+0x1c/0x70 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1f/0x30 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x100 ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x100 ax25_release+0x2ad/0x360 __sock_release+0x35/0xa0 sock_close+0x19/0x20 [...] On reboot (or any attempt to remove the interface), the kernel gets stuck in an infinite loop: unregister_netdevice: waiting for ax0 to become free. Usage count = 0 This patch corrects these issues by ensuring that we call netdev_hold() and ax25_dev_hold() for new connections in ax25_accept(). This makes the logic leading to ax25_accept() match the logic for ax25_bind(): in both cases we increment the refcount, which is ultimately decremented in ax25_release().
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4df9d6c8d4e4c818252b0419c2165d66eabd4eb
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52100fd74ad07b53a4666feafff1cd11436362d3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a723a6c8d4831cc8e2c7b0c9f3f0c010d4671964
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c34fb0bd4a4237592c5ecb5b2e2531900c55774
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H | Linux |
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 8.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM 5.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-38721
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2024-40910
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0276 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0211 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0185 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0087 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0046 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0022 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-0002 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Debian LTS · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-1108 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-1101 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0870 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0823 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0822 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0800 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0799 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0779 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0778 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux d'Ubuntu · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0613 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de Debian · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 5.18 < 6.1.95cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.2 < 6.6.35cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*≥ 6.7 < 6.9.6cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| Linux · Linux | affected 9fd75b66b8f68498454d685dc4ba13192ae069b0 < f4df9d6c8d4e4c818252b0419c2165d66eabd4eb ; affected 9fd75b66b8f68498454d685dc4ba13192ae069b0 < 52100fd74ad07b53a4666feafff1cd11436362d3 ; affected 9fd75b66b8f68498454d685dc4ba13192ae069b0 < a723a6c8d4831cc8e2c7b0c9f3f0c010d4671964 ; affected 9fd75b66b8f68498454d685dc4ba13192ae069b0 < 3c34fb0bd4a4237592c5ecb5b2e2531900c55774 ; affected c44a453ffe16eb08acdc6129ac4fa0192dbc0456 ; affected de55a1338e6a48ff1e41ea8db1432496fbe2a62b |
| Linux · Linux | affected 5.18 ; unaffected 0 < 5.18 ; unaffected 6.1.95 ≤ 6.1.* ; unaffected 6.6.35 ≤ 6.6.* ; unaffected 6.9.6 ≤ 6.9.* ; unaffected 6.10 ≤ * |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |