CVE-2023-2828

named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded

HIGH 7.5

At a glance

Source: NVD
EPSS: EPSS 3.70 % · percentile 90 (2026-10-28)
State: PUBLISHED
Published: 2023-06-21 16:26 UTC
Updated: 2025-02-13 16:48 UTC
Assigner: isc
NVD status: Modified

Description

Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit. It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-770 — Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

References

Scores

Version	Score	Vector	Scored by
CVSS 3.1	HIGH 7.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H	isc
CVSS 3.1	HIGH 7.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H	NVD · security-officer@isc.org (Secondary)

European references

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-34279
GCVE · GCVE-0-2023-2828

CERT-FR advisories

CERTFR-2026-AVI-0326 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2026-AVI-0316 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2024-AVI-0575 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2024-AVI-0506 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Juniper Secure Analytics · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2024-AVI-0305 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2024-AVI-0027 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2023-AVI-0958 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2023-AVI-0839 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2023-AVI-0724 — Vulnérabilité dans IBM AIX · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2023-AVI-0479 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans BIND · cert.ssi.gouv.fr

Affected configurations (NVD CPE)

cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* ≥ 9.11.0 ≤ 9.16.41
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* ≥ 9.11.3 ≤ 9.16.41
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* ≥ 9.18.0 ≤ 9.18.15
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:supported_preview:*:*:* ≥ 9.18.11 ≤ 9.18.15
cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:* ≥ 9.19.0 ≤ 9.19.13
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:37:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:netapp:active_iq_unified_manager:-:*:*:*:*:vmware_vsphere:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h500s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h700s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h410s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h410c_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:netapp:h300s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Affected products

Product	Versions
ISC · BIND 9	affected 9.11.0 ≤ 9.16.41 ; affected 9.18.0 ≤ 9.18.15 ; affected 9.19.0 ≤ 9.19.13 ; affected 9.11.3-S1 ≤ 9.16.41-S1 ; affected 9.18.11-S1 ≤ 9.18.15-S1

Sources

Source	Licence
CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5)	CVE Program Terms of Use
EPSS (FIRST.org)	FIRST — attribution requested
ENISA EUVD	ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged
CERT-FR (ANSSI)	Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0
NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds	Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD