ALPACA
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 2.03 % · percentile 81 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- redhat
- NVD status
- Modified
Description
ALPACA is an application layer protocol content confusion attack, exploiting TLS servers implementing different protocols but using compatible certificates, such as multi-domain or wildcard certificates. A MiTM attacker having access to victim's traffic at the TCP/IP layer can redirect traffic from one subdomain to another, resulting in a valid TLS session. This breaks the authentication of TLS and cross-protocol attacks may be possible where the behavior of one protocol service may compromise the other at the application layer.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-295 — Improper Certificate Validation
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH 7.4 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
| CVSS 2.0 | MEDIUM 5.8 | AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N | NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary) |
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2021-26922
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2021-3618
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0940 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Moxa · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2024-AVI-0866 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:f5:nginx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 1.21.0cpe:2.3:a:sendmail:sendmail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 8.17cpe:2.3:a:vsftpd_project:vsftpd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 3.0.4cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| ALPACA | affected vsftpd 3.0.4, nginx 1.21.0, sendmail 8.17 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |